Coherence
Coherence is traditionally described as the relationships that link the ideas in a text to create meaning for the readers. It is the unifying element in good writing. It refers to the unity created between the ideas, sentences, paragraphs and sections of a piece of writing. Coherence is what gives a piece of writing its flow. It also gives the reader a sense of what to expect and, therefore, makes the reading easier to follow as the ideas appear to be presented in a natural, almost automatic, way.
When writing lacks coherence, the reader is forced to stop and reread. Occasionally, the reader may just give up out of frustration.
It is best to start writing with coherence in mind; however, sometimes when you are writing a first draft you may forget to do so. Make sure you give yourself plenty of time to revise your drafts for coherence.
We will describe the advantages and drawbacks of internet.
Starting Information
Internet, with its numerous characteristics, has become an integral part of our daily life. To start with, it has made our communication system faster and effective.
More cohesive device:
To start with
to begin with
first of all....
to begin with
first of all....
Transitions that signal a similarity
In addition, internet has generated newer ways of entertainment and earning opportunity for unemployed young folk.
Additionally
likewise
besides
moreover
further
similarly……
likewise
besides
moreover
further
similarly……
and, again, and then, besides, equally important, finally, further, furthermore, nor, too, next, lastly, what's more, moreover, in addition, first (second, etc.),
Transitions which signal an example or additional information
In particular on this occasion, website development, data entry, graphics designing are the common source of online earning.
More cohesive device:
For instance
for example
take the case of
as an illustration
in fact
to exemplify
to demonstrate
such as……
for example
take the case of
as an illustration
in fact
to exemplify
to demonstrate
such as……
in this case, in another case, on this occasion, in this situation, take the case of, to demonstrate, to illustrate, as an illustration, to illustrate
Transitions that signal a cause/effect
As a result, young people now don’t waste time in idleness rather they make the best use of their valuable time with internet.
More cohesive device:
Consequently
as a consequence
hence
therefore
thus………
as a consequence
hence
therefore
thus………
Transitions that signal a contrast
On the contrary, internet can incur some certain drawbacks such cyber crime, causing back pain or poor sight.
More cohesive device:
In contrast
in comparison
alternatively
compared with
even though
rather
whereas
yet
otherwise
but
although
though
in spite of
despite
however…..
in comparison
alternatively
compared with
even though
rather
whereas
yet
otherwise
but
although
though
in spite of
despite
however…..
nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, by comparison, where, compared to, up against, balanced against, vis a vis, but, although, conversely, meanwhile, after all, in contrast, although this may be true
Transitions that signal expressing opinion:
Apparently, one has to be conscious if one uses internet for different purposes of life.
More cohesive device:
It is true that
undoubtedly
no doubt
of course
apparently
fortunately
actually
unfortunately……
undoubtedly
no doubt
of course
apparently
fortunately
actually
unfortunately……
definitely, extremely, obviously, in fact, indeed, in any case, absolutely, positively, naturally, surprisingly, always, forever, perennially, eternally, never, emphatically, unquestionably, without a doubt, certainly, undeniably, without reservation
Transitions that signal summarizing
In brief, the problems faced by a person using internet should not be ignored.
More cohesive device:
In a word
in brief
in a word
in short……
in brief
in a word
in short……
Transitions that signal sequence
First of all, we have to find out the blessing of internet. Then we should sort out the problems and forecasted threats related to internet. Finally, we can select our activities that would be done with the help of internet.
More cohesive device:
At present
at this time
now
nowadays
firstly
then
after that
while
afterwards
formerly
previously
before that…………….
at this time
now
nowadays
firstly
then
after that
while
afterwards
formerly
previously
before that…………….
first, second, third, and so forth. A, B, C, and so forth. next, then, following this, at this time, now, at this point, after, afterward, subsequently, finally, consequently, previously, before this, simultaneously, concurrently, thus, therefore, hence, next, and then, soon
Transitions that signal conclusion
To sum up, I would like to mention, internet has been one of the amazing gifts of modern science even if it has some downsides.
More cohesive device:
In conclusion
in summary
in sum
to recapitulate
to conclude…………
in summary
in sum
to recapitulate
to conclude…………
on the whole, summing up, to conclude, in conclusion, as I have shown, as I have said, accordingly, as a result, consequently, on the whole
Ask yourself the following questions when revising:
- Are your organizational strategies appropriate for the kind of information you are presenting? If not, revise.
- Are transition/conjunction words used appropriately? If not, revise.
- Are verb, tense and time words used appropriately? If not, revise.
- Can each sentence be link to the sentence that follows or one that follows shortly thereafter? In order to answer this question, do the following:
· Begin from the second sentence in your writing;
· Circle the word or phrase in the second sentence that links it to a word or phrase in the first sentence;
· Draw a circle around the word or phrase in the first sentence that forms the connection;
· Draw a line between the two circles;
· Then show the connection between the second and third sentence in a similar manner; and
· Continue on through the entire piece of writing noting the links between sentences, between paragraphs and between sections of the writing.
When the link is unclear or not there, it may be because there is a break in the coherent flow of your writing. If this happens, you will need to revise. This may involve:
- Adding or changing a transition or conjunction;
- Repeating a key term or phrase;
- Making a referent clearer;
- Creating parallel structures; and
- Changing tenses and time words.
